ʻO ka polyamide (PA), i kapa ʻia ʻo nylon, he polymer i loaʻa nā pūʻulu amide i nā ʻāpana hana hou ma ka iwi kuamoʻo.Hiki ke hana ʻia ka nylon i nā ʻano plastics, huki ʻia i loko o nā fibers, a hiki ke hana ʻia i nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni, nā uhi a me nā mea hoʻopili.Ma muli o ka maikaʻi o ka mechanical resistance ka nylon, ka pale wela, ka pale ʻana a me nā waiwai ʻē aʻe, hiki ke hoʻohana nui ʻia nā huahana i nā lole, nā lole ʻenehana, nā kaʻa, nā mīkini, nā uila a me nā uila, ka lawe ʻana, ka ʻoihana paʻi a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe he nui.
He ākea loa nā noi o lalo o ka Nylon
Source: ka pūnaewele mana o Lianchuang, Changjiang Securities Research Institute
Ke ulu mau nei ka ʻohana nylon, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana o ka nylon kūikawā
He moʻolelo lōʻihi ko Nylon a he ʻohana ulu.I ka makahiki 1935, ua hana ʻia ʻo PA66 no ka manawa mua i loko o ka hale hana, a i ka makahiki 1938, ua hoʻolaha kūkala ʻo DuPont i ka hānau ʻana o ka fiber synthetic mua o ka honua a kapa ʻia ʻo ia ʻo nylon.I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua ulu mālie ka ʻohana nylon, a ua hoʻomau ʻia nā ʻano ʻano hou e like me PA6, PA610, a me PA11.PA6 a me PA66.Me nā kaʻina hana oʻo a me ka nui o nā noi, ʻo PA6 a me PA66 mau ʻano ʻelua i koi nui ʻia o nā huahana nylon.
ʻO ka mōʻaukala hoʻomohala o nā huahana nylon
Puna: China Textile Industry Research Institute, Changjiang Securities Research Institute
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo Nylon i aliphatic, semi-aromatic, piha aromatic, etc. e like me ke ʻano kemika o ke kaulahao nui.ʻO Aliphatic polyamide kahi mea polymer linear, i hoʻopili pinepine ʻia e nā ʻāpana kaulahao methyl a me nā hui amide, a he paʻakikī maikaʻi.ʻO ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā apo ʻala i loko o ka iwi kuamoʻo hiki ke kaupalena i ka neʻe ʻana o ke kaulahao molekula a hoʻonui i ka mahana hoʻololi aniani, a laila e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka pale wela a me nā waiwai mechanical o nā huahana nylon.Ke loaʻa i kekahi o nā mea maka o ka polyamide kahi apo benzene, hiki ke hoʻomākaukau i kahi polyamide semi-aromatic, a i ka wā i loaʻa i nā mea maka ʻelua ke apo benzene, hiki ke hoʻomākaukau i kahi polyamide aromatic piha.ʻO Semi-aromatic polyamide heat resistance, mechanical properties i hoʻonuiʻia, a he maikaʻi ke kūlana kūʻokoʻa a me ka pale pale, piha ka polyamide aromatic i ka ikaika ultra-kiʻekiʻe, kiʻekiʻe modulus, kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe wela ke kū'ē, acid and alkali resistance, radiation resistance a me nā mea maikaʻi'ē aʻe, akā. no ka mea, aia i loko o kāna ʻano kaulahao nui symmetrical nā apo benzene a me nā pūʻulu amide, no laila ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka hana ʻana, paʻakikī ke hoʻokō i ka hoʻoheheʻe injection, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o kona kumukūʻai.
ʻO ke ʻano molekala o nā ʻano like ʻole o ka polyamide
Source: China Textile Industry Research Institute, "Nā waiwai a me nā noi o Semi-aromatic Nylon", Changjiang Securities Research Institute
Hoʻokaʻawale a me nā ʻano o ka polyamide
| hoʻokaʻawale | nā ʻano like ʻole | ʻano hana synthetic | Nā hiʻohiʻona hale | hiʻona |
| Hui Aliphatic(PAp)
| PA6PA11 PA12
| Ma o ka polymerization wehe apo o nā ʻakika amino a i ʻole lactams, hōʻike ka p i ka helu o nā ʻātoma kalapona ma ke kaulahao kalapona monomer. | Mea polimer laina, i haku ʻia me nā ʻāpana kaulahao methyl a me nā pūʻulu amide i hoʻopili pinepine ʻia | ʻO ka paʻakikī maikaʻi |
| Pūʻulu Aliphatic(PAmp)
| PA46PA66 PA610 PA612 PA1010 PA1212
| Hoʻokumu ʻia ia e ka polycondensation o ka diamine aliphatic a me ka diacid aliphatic, ʻo ia ka m i ka helu o nā ʻātoma kalapona i loko o ka diamine i hana i ka ʻāpana kuamoʻo, a ʻo ka p ka helu o nā ʻātoma kalapona i loko o ka diacid i hana i ka ʻāpana kuamoʻo. | ||
| Semiʻala (PAxy)
| MXD6PA4T PA6T PA9T PA10T
| Hoʻokumu ʻia ia e ka polycondensation o nā diacids aromatic a me nā adiamines aditic aliphatic, a i ʻole nā diacids aromatic a me nā diacids aliphatic, x e hōʻike ana i ka pōkole o ka helu o nā ʻātoma kalapona a i ʻole ka diamine i loko o ka ʻāpana kaulahao nui o nā diamine, a ʻo y ka helu o nā mana kalapona. a i ʻole nā diacid i loko o ka ʻāpana kaulahao nui o ka diacid | ʻO nā pūʻulu ʻaoʻao ma ke kaulahao mole i hoʻokomo ʻia e hoʻopau i ka maʻamau o ke kaulahao mole a keʻakeʻa i ka crystallization. | ʻO ke kūpaʻa wela, hoʻonui ʻia nā waiwai mechanical, hoʻemi ʻia ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka wai, a loaʻa iā ia ke kūpaʻa dimensional maikaʻi a me ke kūpaʻa solvent. |
| Hui ʻala | PPTA（Aramid 1414）PBA（Aramid 14) MPIA（Aramid 1313) | Hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia ka polycondensation o nā diacid aromatic a me ka diamine aromatic e ka condensation ponoʻī o nā waikawa amino. | ʻO ka iwi molecular chain he mau apo benzene a me nā hui amide | Ka ikaika ultra-kiʻekiʻe, ka modulus kiʻekiʻe, ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe, ke kūpaʻa a me ka alkali, ka pale ʻana i ka radiation |
Puna: China Textile Industry Research Institute, .Nā waiwai a me nā noi o nā nylon semi-aromatic, Changjiang Securities Research Institute
Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻano maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka nylon kūikawā me nā monomers synthetic hou.ʻOiai ma hope o ka hoʻololi ʻana, ʻo ka nylon maʻamau (PA6, PA66, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) he mau hemahema e like me ka hydrophilicity ikaika, ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe, a me ka transparency maikaʻi ʻole, ka mea e kaupalena ʻia ai kāna palapala noi i kekahi ʻano.No laila, i mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i nā hemahema o ka nylon maʻamau a hoʻohui i nā hiʻohiʻona hou, hiki ke loaʻa i kahi moʻo o ka nylon kūikawā me nā waiwai like ʻole ma ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā monomers synthetic hou e hoʻololi i nā hiʻohiʻona hoʻohana hou aku.ʻO kēia mau nylon kūikawā, ʻo ia ka nylon wela kiʻekiʻe, ka nylon kaulahao lōʻihi, ka nylon transparent, nylon bio-based, a me ka nylon elastomer.
Nā ʻano a me nā hiʻohiʻona o ka nylon kūikawā
| Nylon kūikawā | nā ʻano like ʻole | hiʻona | palapala noi |
| Kiʻekiʻe wela nylon | PA4T, PA6T, PA9T, PA10T | Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i loko o kahi kaiapuni ma luna o 150 °C no ka manawa lōʻihi | ʻO nā ʻāpana kaʻa, nā ʻāpana mīkini, nā ʻāpana uila a me nā ʻāpana uila, etc |
| ʻO ke kaula kalapona lōʻihi nylon | PA11, PA12, PA612, PA1212, PA1012, PA1313 | ʻOi aku ka nui o nā pūʻulu sub-methyl i ke kaulahao molekala ma mua o 10, nona nā pono o ka haʻahaʻa wai haʻahaʻa, ke kūpaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa maikaʻi, ke kūpaʻa dimensional, ka paʻakikī maikaʻi, ke kūpaʻa a me ka haʻalulu. | ʻO nā kaʻa, nā kamaʻilio, nā mīkini, nā mea uila, aerospace, nā waiwai haʻuki a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe |
| ʻO ka naila mālohi | PA TMDT, PA CM12 | Hiki i ka transmittance māmā ke hiki i 90%, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka polycarbonate, kokoke i ka polymethyl methacrylate;Eia kekahi, loaʻa iā ia ka paʻa wela maikaʻi, ka paʻakikī o ka hopena, ka insulation uila, etc | ʻO nā kaʻa, nā mea uila, nā mea kūʻai aku i ka ʻoihana, optics, petrochemicals a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe |
| ʻO ka naila hoʻokumu bio | PA11 (ʻO ka ʻaila castor ka mea maka) | ʻO ka monomer synthetic mai ke ala ʻokiʻoki o nā mea kūlohelohe, nona nā mea maikaʻi o ke kalapona haʻahaʻa a me ka pale o ke kaiapuni. | Nā ʻāpana kaʻa, nā mea uila a me ka ʻoihana paʻi 3D |
| ʻO ka nylon elastomer | PEBA | Hoʻokumu ʻia ke kaulahao molekula me ka ʻāpana kaulahao polyamide a me ka ʻāpana polyether / polyester, nona nā pono o ka ikaika tensile kiʻekiʻe, ka hoʻihoʻi elastic maikaʻi, ka ikaika haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ka hana antistatic maikaʻi loa. | ʻO nā kāmaʻa hele wāwae, nā kāmaʻa ski, nā mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, nā ala lapaʻau, etc |
Puna: Aibon Polymer, Changjiang Securities Research Institute
Hōʻike ʻia nā mea maikaʻi o PA12 i ka nylon kaulahao lōʻihi
Loaʻa ka hana maikaʻi loa o ke kaulahao kalapona lōʻihi, a ʻo ka nylon 12 ka maikaʻi o ka hana a me ke kumu kūʻai.ʻO ka nylon me ka methylene lōʻihi o ʻoi aku ma mua o 10 ma waena o nā hui amide ʻelua i loko o ke kuamoʻo nylon molecular i kapa ʻia ʻo ka nilon kaulahao lōʻihi, a ʻo nā ʻano nui he nylon 11, nylon 12, nylon 612, nylon 1212, nylon 1012, nylon 1313, etc. ʻO ka nylon 12 ka mea hoʻohana nui loa i ke kaulahao kalapona lōʻihi, me ka hapa nui o nā waiwai maʻamau o ka nylon maʻamau, he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ka wai, a he kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe o ka wela, ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion, ka paʻakikī maikaʻi, ka hana maʻalahi a nā pono ʻē aʻe.Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me PA11, kekahi ʻano kalapona kalapona lōʻihi ʻē aʻe, ʻo ke kumukūʻai o PA12 raw material butadiene he hoʻokahi wale nō hapakolu o ka ʻaila castor maka o PA11, hiki ke hoʻololi i ka PA11 i ka hapa nui o nā hiʻohiʻona, a he nui nā noi i nā paipu wahie automotive. nā paipu hoʻoheheʻe ea, nā kaula submarine, ka paʻi 3D a me nā kahua ʻē aʻe he nui.
Hoʻohālikelike hana o ka nylon
| hoʻokō | PA6 | PA66 | PA612 | PA11 | PA12 | PA1212 |
| ʻO ka mānoanoa (g/cm3) | 1.14 | 1.14 | 1.07 | 1.04 | 1.02 | 1.02 |
| helu hehee(℃） | 220 | 260 | 212 | 185 | 177 | 184 |
| ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka wai [24h(%) i ka wai] | 1.8 | 1.2 | 0.25 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 |
| ʻO ka ʻai wai [equilibrium (%)] | 10.7 | 8.5 | 3 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.4 |
| Ka ikaika uʻi (MPa) | 74 | 80 | 62 | 58 | 51 | 55 |
| ʻO ka hoʻolōʻihi ʻia i ka haki ʻana (23 °C, %) | 180 | 60 | 100 | 330 | 200 | 270 |
| ʻO ka hoʻolōʻihi ʻia i ka wā haki (-40°C, %) | 15 | 15 | 10 | 40 | 100 | 239 |
| ʻĀpana hoʻololi (MPa) | 2900 | 2880 | 2070 | 994 | 1330 | 1330 |
| ʻO ka paʻakikī Rockwell (R) | 120 | 121 | 114 | 108 | 105 | 105 |
| ʻO ka wela wela (0.46MPa, ℃) | 190 | 235 | 180 | 150 | 150 | 150 |
| ʻO ka wela wela (1.86MPa,°C) | 70 | 90 | 90 | 55 | 55 | 52 |
Puna: Hoʻomohala a me ka hoʻohana ʻana o Nylon 12, Liyue Chemical, Changjiang Securities Research Institute
Ma hope aku, e wehewehe mākou i ka ʻāina holoʻokoʻa o ka ʻoihana nylon, a e kālele i kā mākou noiʻi i ka hoʻolako a me ke koi o ka ʻoihana nylon 12.
ʻO ka noi he pua nui-point, a ikaika ka koi no ka nylon
Ke ulu mau nei ka mākeke nylon ulu, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka nylon kūikawā
Ke hoʻomau nei ka noi honua no ka nylon, me Kina he mākeke koʻikoʻi.Wahi a nā hōʻike a me ka ʻikepili, ʻo ka nui o ka mākeke nylon honua i hōʻea i $ 27.29 biliona ma 2018, a ua manaʻo ʻia ka nui o ka mākeke e hoʻomau i ka ulu ʻana ma kahi helu hui o 4.3% i ka wā e hiki mai ana, a ua manaʻo ʻia kēia helu e hoʻonui i $ 38.30 biliona ma 2026. He mākeke koʻikoʻi ka ʻāina ʻo ʻAsia-Pākīpika no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka nylon, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi o ka mākeke Kina.Wahi a ka ʻikepili o Lingao Consulting, ʻo ka nui o ka ulu ʻana o ka mākeke nylon Kina mai 2011 a 2018 a hiki i 10.0%, a ma 2018, ma muli o ka piʻi ʻana o ka nui a me ke kumukūʻai o nā huahana nylon, ʻo ka nui o ka mākeke kūloko i hiki i 101,23 biliona. yuan, he hoʻonui makahiki-ma-makahiki o 30.5%.Mai ka hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻikepili ʻai, e pōmaikaʻi ana i ka hoʻomohala wikiwiki ʻana o ka hoʻokele waiwai o ka home, ʻo ka ʻai ʻana o nā huahana nylon ma Kina ua hiki i 4.327 miliona tons ma 2018, a ʻo ka ulu ʻana o ka hui mai 2011 a 2018 ua hiki i 11.0%.
Ke hoʻomau nei ka ulu ʻana o ka mākeke nylon Kina
Ke hoʻomau nei ka ʻai ʻana o ka ʻoihana nylon ma Kina
Puna: Lingao Consulting, Changjiang Securities Research Institute
Puna: Ling Ao Consulting, General Administration of Customs, Changjiang Securities Research Institute
ʻO ka nui o ka mākeke o nā nylon kūikawā ma kahi o 10%, ʻo ia ka nylon 12 mau helu no ka hapa kiʻekiʻe loa.Wahi a ka ʻikepili MRFR, ʻo ka nui o ka mākeke nylon kūikawā honua he $ 2.64 biliona ma 2018, e helu ana ma kahi o 9.7% o ka huina.ʻO ke koi no ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu māmā a me ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo o nā kaʻa ʻo ia ka mea hoʻoikaika nui loa no ka ulu ʻana o ka noi mākeke nylon kūikawā, a ke manaʻo ʻia e hoʻomau ka ulu ʻana o ka mākeke nylon kūikawā honua i ka 5.5% i ka wā e hiki mai ana. kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka ʻoihana nylon holoʻokoʻa.I loko o ka mākeke nylon kūikawā holoʻokoʻa, ʻo ka huahana nui loa ma ka mākeke ʻo ka nylon 12, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā alloy plastic, ka hana kaʻa, ka hana mokulele, ka paʻi 3D, nā mea uila, nā mea hana mechanical, nā ʻenehana lapaʻau, ka ʻaila a me ka ʻoihana kinoea a me nā māla ʻē aʻe. , me ka hiki ole ke hoololiia.Wahi a ka ʻikepili MRFR, ua hōʻea ka nui o ka mākeke nylon 12 i ka $ 1.07 biliona i ka makahiki 2018 a ke manaʻo ʻia e ulu lohi i $ 1.42 biliona ma 2024 ma kahi helu ulu ulu o 5.2%.
Ka mahele ʻana o nā noi i lalo o ka Nylon 12 (2018)
Ke ulu mau nei ka nui o ka mākeke honua ʻo Nylon 12 (US$ biliona)
Puna: MRFR Analysis, Changjiang Securities Research Institute
Puna: MRFR Analysis, Changjiang Securities Research Institute
Ma lalo mākou e nānā i ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka nylon 12 i nā kaʻa, ka paʻi 3D, ka ʻaila a me ke kinoea a me nā māla ʻē aʻe.
Hoʻoulu ʻia ka ulu ʻana o ka noi e ke ʻano o nā kaʻa māmā
Ma ka lalo o ka noi o ka nylon 12, ʻo ka mākeke noi nui loa ʻo ia ka ʻoihana hana kaʻa, a ʻo ka noi ʻana o ka nylon 12 i ka ʻoihana hana kaʻa i helu ʻia no 36,7% o ka loaʻa kālā holoʻokoʻa ma 2018. ʻoihana kaʻa kaʻa, e hoʻemi i ke kaumaha o ke kaʻa, me ka ʻole o ka hoʻohaumia ʻana i ka palekana a me ka hōʻoluʻolu, ʻo ka hopena nui loa ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā ʻāpana metala i loko o ke kaʻa.Hiki ke hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo Nylon 12 i nā pipeline kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa, me nā laina wahie, nā laina clutch, nā laina supercharger vacuum brake, nā laina air brake, nā laina wai hoʻomaha a me nā hono o nā pipeline ma luna, no kona palekana a me ka hilinaʻi, he mea maikaʻi loa ia. mea māmā kaʻa.
He ʻāpana o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka nylon 12 i nā kaʻa
Source: UBE pūnaewele, Changjiang Securities Research Institute
Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea metala a me nā mea hao, hāʻawi ka nylon 12 i nā pono nui.Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea metala, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka nylon 12, hiki ke hoʻemi i ke kaumaha o ke kaʻa holoʻokoʻa a hoʻemi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu;Hiki ke hoʻololi maikaʻi, maʻalahi e hoʻonohonoho, hiki ke hōʻemi i ka hui, ʻaʻole maʻalahi e deform e ka hopena o waho;ʻO ka vibration maikaʻi a me ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion;He sila maikaʻi ka hui ʻana a me ka hoʻokomo maʻalahi;He maʻalahi ka extrusion a maʻalahi ke kaʻina hana.Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea hao, ʻo nā pipelines i hana ʻia me ka nylon 12 mea he mau paia lahilahi, liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a me ke kaumaha māmā, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopili i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana;ʻO ka elasticity maikaʻi, hiki ke mālama i ka elasticity ma lalo o nā kūlana wela wela a me ke kūpaʻa ʻelemakule maikaʻi loa;ʻAʻole pono no ka vulcanization, ʻaʻohe pono e hoʻohui i kahi braid, ʻenehana hana maʻalahi.
ʻO ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā kaʻa māmā a me nā kaʻa ikehu hou ke koi nei i ka nylon 12. Ma kahi o 70% o nā hoses automotive (paipu pahu, paipu aila, hoses clutch, etc.) ma ʻEulopa e hoʻohana i ka nylon 12 mea, a me 50% o nā hoses automotive i ka Hoʻohana ʻo ʻAmelika i nā mea nylon 12.I mea e hoʻoikaika ai i ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi mana kaʻa, hāʻawi ʻia ʻo SAE China e ka National Strategic Advisory Committee for Manufacturing Power and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, a ʻoi aku ma mua o 500 mau loea i ka ʻoihana i noiʻi, hōʻuluʻulu a hoʻokuʻu i ka "Technology. Roadmap for Energy-saving and New Energy Vehicles", e helu ana i ka "automotive lightweight technology" e like me kekahi o nā ala ʻenehana nui ʻehiku, a ke kau nei i mua i ka pahuhopu e hōʻemi i ke kaumaha o ke kaʻa e 10%, 20% a me 35% i 2020, ʻO 2025 a me 2030 i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 2015, a ke manaʻo ʻia nei ke ʻano o ka māmā e alakaʻi i ka ulu o ka noi no nā mea māmā.Eia kekahi, me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā kaʻa ikehu hou, koi ʻia ka nylon 12 no nā ʻōnaehana wahie a me nā ʻōnaehana pākaukau no nā hiʻohiʻona uila a me hybrid.Ke emi mālie nei ka hopena o ka maʻi ahulau, ʻo ka hana ʻana a me ke kūʻai ʻana o nā kaʻa a me nā kaʻa ikehu hou ma Kina e manaʻo ʻia e hoʻi hou i ka ulu ʻana, e hoʻomau i ka koi ʻana i ka nylon 12 e hoʻonui hou aku.
ʻO ka hana kaʻa a me ke kūʻai ʻana o Kina
Hana a kūʻai aku i nā kaʻa ikehu hou ma Kina
Source: China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, Changjiang Securities Research Institute
Source: China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, Changjiang Securities Research Institute
Mea paʻi 3D hiki ʻole ke hoʻololi
Ke ulu wikiwiki nei ka mākeke honua no ka paʻi 3D, a ua piʻi nui ka wikiwiki o ka hana ʻoihana ma Kina.ʻO ka hana hoʻohui (3D paʻi) he hopena koʻikoʻi i ka hoʻolālā huahana kuʻuna, kahe kaʻina hana, ka laina hana, ke ʻano o ka hale hana, a me ka hui ʻana o nā kaulahao ʻoihana ma muli o kona hiki ke hana wikiwiki i nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana, a ua lilo ia i mea nui loa a pili i nā ʻenehana hoʻopilikia i ka ʻoihana hana, a ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ka ʻenehana kumu o ka "hoʻololi ʻoihana ʻekolu".Wahi a Wohlers Associates, ua hoʻonui ka waiwai o ka ʻoihana paʻi 3D honua mai $ 1.33 biliona ma 2010 a i $ 8.37 biliona ma 2018, me kahi CAGR o 25.9%.Ua hoʻomaka ka ʻenehana paʻi 3D o Kina i ka wā i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻāina ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika, akā ua piʻi nui ka wikiwiki o ka ʻoihana i nā makahiki i hala.Wahi a nā helu helu o ka Prospective Industry Research Institute, ʻo ka nui o ka mākeke o ka ʻoihana paʻi 3D o Kina i hōʻea wale i 160 miliona US kālā ma 2012, a ua ulu wikiwiki ʻo ia i 2.09 biliona kālā ʻAmelika i ka makahiki 2018.
Ka waiwai hoʻopuka a me ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻoihana paʻi 3D honua
ʻO ka nui a me ka ulu ʻana o ka mākeke paʻi 3D o Kina
Puna: Wohlers Associates, Wind, Changjiang Securities Research Institute
Puna: Ke Keʻena ʻImi Hana Hana mua, Changjiang Securities Research Institute
He kumu waiwai nui nā mea no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻenehana paʻi 3D.ʻO ka hana o nā mea e hoʻoholo ai inā hiki i ka paʻi 3D ke loaʻa i kahi noi ākea, a ʻo ia hoʻi ka bottleneck i kēia manawa ke kāohi nei i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka paʻi 3D.Wahi a nā helu helu mai Markets and Markets, ua ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mākeke honua o nā mea paʻi 3D ma mua o $ 1 biliona ma 2018 a ua manaʻo ʻia e ʻoi aku ma mua o $ 4.5 biliona ma 2024. Wahi a ka ʻikepili o ka Prospective Industry Research Institute, ka nui o nā mea paʻi 3D China. Ua mālama ka mākeke i ka ulu wikiwiki, mai 260 miliona yuan ma 2012 a i 2.99 biliona yuan ma 2017, a ua manaʻo ʻia ka nui o ka mākeke o nā mea paʻi 3D o Kina e manaʻo ʻia e ʻoi aku ma mua o 16 biliona yuan ma 2024.
Ka nui o ka mākeke paʻi palapala 3D honua 2017-2024 (US$ biliona)
2012-2024 Ka nui o ka mākeke mea paʻi 3D o Kina (100 miliona yuan)
Source: Market and Markets, Changjiang Securities Research Institute
Puna: Ke Keʻena ʻImi ʻImi ʻOihana Prospective, Changjiang Securities Research Institute
Hana maikaʻi nā mea Nylon 12 i ka paʻi 3D.Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka pauka PA12 he mau hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi loa e like me ke kahe kiʻekiʻe, ka uila haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka wai, ka helu hoʻoheheʻe haʻahaʻa a me ka pololei kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o nā huahana, hiki ke hoʻokō i nā pono o nā mea hana e koi ana i nā waiwai mechanical kiʻekiʻe, no laila. Ua lilo mālie ʻo nylon 12 i mea kūpono no ka paʻi 3D o nā plastic engineering.
Noi o PA12 ma 3D pai
Puna: Sculpteo pūnaewele, Changjiang Securities Research Institute
Hoʻohālikelike o nā waiwai paʻi 3D (mai loko o 5)
| Mea paʻi 3D | ikaika | helehelena | kikoʻī | ʻoluʻolu |
| Nylon PA12 (SLS) | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Nylon.PA11/12 (SLS) | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Nailon 3200 Ua Hoʻoikaika ʻia ka puluna aniani (SLS) | 5 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Aluminides (SLS) | 4 | 4 | 3 | 1 |
| PEBA (SLS) | 4 | 3 | 3 | 5 |
| Nylon PA12 (MJF) | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| ʻOpaque photosensitive resin (PolyJet) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 2 |
| ʻO ka resin paʻi kiʻi alohilohi (PolyJet) | 4 | 5 | 5 | 2 |
| Aluminum AISi7Mgo,6 (SLM) | 4 | 2 | 3 | 0 |
| Ke kila kila 316L (DML S) | 4 | 2 | 3 | 1 |
| Titanium 4Al-4V (DMLS) | 4 | 2 | 3 | 0 |
| Kālā Sterling (hoʻolei ʻia) | 4 | 5 | 4 | 2 |
| keleawe (hoʻolei ʻia) | 4 | 5 | 4 | 2 |
| keleawe (hoʻolei ʻia) | 4 | 5 | 4 | 2 |
Puna: Sculpteo pūnaewele, Changjiang Securities Research Institute
Wahi a nā helu helu o ka Prospective Industry Research Institute, ʻo PA12 ka ʻehā o ka mea nui loa i ka ʻoihana paʻi 3D honua i ka makahiki 2017, ʻo 5.6% ka helu, a ma 2018, ʻo 14.1% nā mea paʻi paʻi 3D o Kina.ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā lako nylon 12 i ka wā e hiki mai ana e kau i ke kumu no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻoihana paʻi 3D o Kina.
ʻO ka mākeke paʻi paʻi 3D honua i ka makahiki 2017
ʻO ke ʻano mākeke o nā mea paʻi 3D ma Kina ma 2018
Puna: Qianqi Industry Research Institute, Changjiang Securities Research Institute
Puna: Ke Keʻena ʻImi ʻImi ʻOihana Prospective, Changjiang Securities Research Institute
Nā mea hana kiʻekiʻe no ka ʻoihana hoʻoili ʻaila a me ke kinoea
ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka aila a me ke kinoea e koi nui loa i nā mea.Ua hoʻohana ʻia nā mea PA12 i nā risers flexible onshore a offshore, pipe gas, linings, steel pipe coatings no nā makahiki he nui, hiki ke pale i ka ʻino ʻana o ke kai a me ka corrosion o nā wai aila, a hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā risers maʻalahi no ka lawe ʻana i ka ʻaila a me nā huahana kinoea. nā wai i hoʻohui ʻia, nā ʻōnaehana hoʻoili kinoea kūlohelohe i nā kaomi a hiki i 20bar, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, he ola lawelawe maikaʻi loa a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe, a he mau mea hana kiʻekiʻe no ka hoʻomohala ikaika o ka ʻoihana kaʻa ʻaila a me ke kinoea.Ma ke ʻano he pipeline hoʻoili kinoea, ua hoʻohana ʻia ʻo PA12 no nā makahiki he ʻumi.Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā paipu metala i hoʻohana ʻia i ke kaomi sub-kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole ka hoʻoili ʻana i ke kinoea kiʻekiʻe, hiki i nā pipeline gas PA12 ke hoʻolōʻihi i ke ola lawelawe o ka pipeline a hoʻemi nui i ke kumukūʻai o ka waiho ʻana o ka pipeline a me ka mālama ʻana ma hope.Ua manaʻo ʻo Kina ma ka "Hoʻolālā ʻumikūmākolu makahiki ʻelima" i ka wā o ka manawa "ʻumikumamākolu ʻelima mau makahiki", e pili ana i 5,000 mau kilomita o nā paipu aila maʻemaʻe, 12,000 mau kilomita o nā paipu aila i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia a me 40,000 mau kilomita o ke kumu kinoea hou a me nā paipu kākoʻo. kūkulu ʻia, e hāʻawi ana i ka manaʻo hou no ka hoʻomohala ʻana o PA12.
kahua hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo PA12 gas pipeline ma Beckum, Kelemānia
Source: Changjiang Securities Research Institute, ka pūnaewele mana o ka hui
Pili kaiapuni a hilinaʻi hoʻi i ka uwea a me ka pū uea
.Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka PA12 no nā uwea submarine a me nā mea hoʻopaʻa uwē lana ʻana, ke kaula anti-ant sheath, ka uhi fiber optical.ʻO ka Nylon 12 he haʻahaʻa embrittlement haʻahaʻa a me ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi o ka wā, kūpono loa ia no ka hana ʻana i nā kaula kamaʻilio kumu kūikawā i koi ʻia no nā ʻano āpau (-50 ~ 70 ° C).Hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka submarine cable a me ka lana ʻana i nā mea hoʻopili, pono e noʻonoʻo i ke kaiapuni kūikawā a me nā kūlana hana kūikawā i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka moana, no laila pono ka uea e loaʻa i kahi anawaena liʻiliʻi o waho, kū i ke kūpaʻa, kū i kahi kaomi wai, lawa ka ikaika tensile, a lawa ka pale ʻana i ke kai.ʻO Nylon 12 kahi insulator uila maikaʻi, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopilikia i ka hana insulation ma muli o ka makū, ʻoiai inā e waiho ʻia i loko o ka wai (aiʻole i loko o ke kai) no ka manawa lōʻihi, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o kona kūpaʻa insulation. ma mua o nā mea nylon ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana o PA12 material cladding wire corrosion effect, impregnated ma ke kai no ʻekolu mau makahiki me ka loli ʻole.Ua hana mua ʻia ʻo Cable anti-musquito sheath e PE, PVC me ka insecticide a i ʻole ke ʻano o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka lipine keleawe, ke kumu kūʻai kiʻekiʻe, ka mālama pono ʻole, ka haumia o ke kaiapuni, ka pōʻino o ke kaiaola, ka manawa kūpono ʻole a me nā hemahema ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka nylon 12 sheath i kēia manawa he ʻoi aku ka hilinaʻi a me ke ʻano pili kaiapuni.Eia kekahi, ʻo ka nalowale o ka hōʻailona o ka uhi fiber optical i hana ʻia me ka mea PA12 ka mea haʻahaʻa loa ma waena o nā mea synthetic, no laila ua hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka sheath cable communication fiber optical.
Nailon 12 no ka pulupulu opipika (POF)
Source: Changjiang Securities Research Institute, ka pūnaewele mana o ka hui
ʻO Photovoltaic, uila, uhi ʻia, hoʻopili, nā kahua lapaʻau i kā lākou mau talena ponoʻī
I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, koi ʻia nā ʻāpana uila e holo me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, a hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā ʻāpana i hana ʻia me ka nylon 12, a hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā leo leo leo, nā mīkini uaki, nā wili uila a me nā ʻāpana mechanical precision liʻiliʻi.Hoʻololi nui ka resistivity o ka nylon 12 me ka mahana, a liʻiliʻi ka loli paʻa, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana ʻike wela o nā pākeke uila a me nā ʻeke uila.
Hoʻopili ʻia me ka nylon 12, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pale ʻana o ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni, no laila e hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana kiʻekiʻe a me nā mea hoʻopili.Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka PA12 i loko o ke kīʻaha kīʻaha o ka mea holoi kīʻaha hou e hōʻoia i ka pau ʻole o ka pahu metala ma ke ʻano o nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe wela wela a ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ke ola;Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia i nā lako o waho, e like me nā noho paka, hiki ke pale pono i ka ʻino metala ma hope o ka uhi ʻana iā PA12.
PA12 kiʻiʻoniʻoni akaka, non-toxic, wai mahu a me ke kinoea (Oz, N2, CO2) transmittance he haʻahaʻa, mālama ʻia i loko o ka wai paila no hoʻokahi makahiki i hoʻololi ʻole ʻia, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka polyethylene blown extrusion composite film e hana i ka pepa kiʻiʻoniʻoni. pale a hoʻopaʻa i ka meaʻai, me nā mea maikaʻi o ka ʻala, ke kūpaʻa sterilization a me ka wela haʻahaʻa maikaʻi.ʻO ka Nylon 12 ka hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻana i ka metala, a i ka wā e hoʻopaʻa ai i ka meaʻai, ʻo 100% ka waiwai hoʻopaʻa, a ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka peeling.
Hoʻohana pū ʻia ʻo PA12 ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau hānai, kahi mea koʻikoʻi nā waiwai mechanical o ka mea catheter, a ʻo ka catheter i hana ʻia he mea maʻalahi ke kaula, akā ʻaʻole piʻo a haki ʻole.ʻO PA12 kahi mea maikaʻi loa no ka hana ʻana i ka catheter ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka puʻupuʻu, hiki ke maʻalahi, kūpaʻa kemika, kūlike me nā wai kino a me nā mea ʻawaʻawa ʻole, e like me nā koi o ka US Food and Drug Administration a me ka European Union no nā huahana olakino.
Manaʻo nā hui ʻē aʻe i ka hoʻolako ʻana, manaʻo ʻia ka hana ʻana o ka home e wāwahi i ka hoʻomohala wikiwiki ʻana o ka ʻoihana nylon, a aia nō kahi āpau i nā ʻāpana kiʻekiʻe.
Ke ulu wikiwiki nei ka mana hana nylon o Kina, akā pono e lawe ʻia nā huahana kiʻekiʻe.I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, e pōmaikaʻi ana i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka lako o ka home o ka caprolactam, ka mea nui o ka nylon 6, a me ka huki wikiwiki ʻana o ka noi i lalo, ua hoʻomaikaʻi wikiwiki ʻia ka ʻenehana hana nylon o Kina, a ua komo ka mana hana i kahi pae o ka ulu wikiwiki. .I ka makahiki 2018, ua hiki i ka 5.141 miliona tons ka mana hana makahiki o ka ʻoihana nylon Kina, CAGR = 12.7% mai 2011 a 2018, a ua ulu wikiwiki hoʻi ka hopena me ka hiki ke hana, me ka puka o 3.766 miliona tons ma 2018 a me kahi CAGR = 15.8% mai 2011 a hiki i 2018. Mai ka manaʻo o ka lawe mai a me ka hoʻokuʻu aku ikepili, China naylon oihana i malama i ka upena lawe mai, me ka upena lawe mai nui o 508,000 tons ma 2019, oi loa aku kekahi mau kiʻekiʻe-hopena huahana nō i kiʻekiʻe lawe mai hilinaʻi, a he nui. wahi no ka hookomo ana mai i keia mua aku.
Ke hoʻomau nei ka ulu ʻana o ka naylon o Kina
I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ʻo ka lawe ʻana a me ka lawe ʻana aku i ka ʻoihana nylon ma Kina
Puna: Lingao Consulting, Changjiang Securities Research Institute
Puna: Ka Hoʻoponopono Nui o nā Dute, Changjiang Securities Research Institute
Hoʻokumu nā mea pale ʻenehana i ka manaʻo kiʻekiʻe, a ʻo nā oligopolies e monopoli i ka mākeke nylon 12
ʻO ke kaʻina hana nui o ka nylon 12 ʻo ke ʻano oxime, a kiʻekiʻe nā pale ʻenehana.Hoʻomākaukau ʻia ʻo Nylon 12 e ka cyclododecatriene (CDT) a me ka laurolactam ring-open polycondensation me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka butadiene ma ke ʻano he mea maka, a ʻo ke kaʻina e pili ana i ke ʻano oxime, ke ʻano nitrosation optical a me ke ʻano Snya, ʻo ia ke ʻano o ka oxime ka hana nui.ʻO ka hana ʻana o ka nylon 12 ma ke ʻano o ka oxidation oxime e pono e hele i nā ʻanuʻu 7, e like me ka triperization, catalytic hydrogenation, oxidation, ketification, oximization, Beckmann rearrangement, apo-open polymerization, etc., a me ke kaʻina holoʻokoʻa e hoʻohana i ka benzene, fuming sulfuric acid. a me nā meaʻawaʻawa a me nā meaʻino'ē aʻe, pono ka 270-300 °C ka mahana polymerization wehe, a paʻakikī ka hanaʻana.I kēia manawa, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā mea hana i hōʻike ʻia e Evonik e hoʻohana i ke ala kaʻina hana nui o ka butadiene ma ke ʻano he mea maka, a ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka laikini ʻenehana o ka British Petrochemical Company i Iapana, ua lawe ʻo ia i ke ala kaʻina o cyclohexanone i mea maka e hoʻokō ai i ka hana ʻenehana o PA12. .
ʻO ke ala synthetic o nylon 12
| Kaʻina hana synthesis | Hoʻolauna kikoʻī |
| ʻO ke ʻano hoʻokalakupua i ka manawa | Me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka butadiene ma ke ʻano he mea maka, ua hoʻohui ʻia ʻo CDT ma lalo o ka hana a Ziegler catalyst, hydrogenated e hoʻohua i ka cyclododecane, a laila oxidized e hana i ka cyclododecane, dehydrogenated e hoʻohua i ka cyclododecane, ua hana ʻia ka cyclododecone oxime hydrochloride, a loaʻa ka laurolactam e Beckmann rearrangement rearrangement a me ka hope hoʻonohonoho hou ʻana. polycondensation e loaʻa ai ka nylon 12 |
| ʻO ke ʻano nitrosation optika | Ma lalo o ka irradiation o kiʻekiʻe-press mercury kukui, cyclododecane ua reacted me nitrosyl chloride e loaa cyclododecone hydrochloride, laurolam loaa ma ka translocation o concentrated sulfuric acid, a hope polymerized e loaa nylon 12 |
| Snyafa | Ua hana ʻia kēia ʻano hana e ka hui Italia ʻo Snia Viscosa, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka cyclododecylcarboxylic acid a i ʻole kona paʻakai ma ke ʻano he mea maka, i mua o ka sulfuric acid a i ʻole fuming sulfuric acid, i mea e hoʻomākaukau ai i ka laurythromide maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe. a me ka polymerize e hana i ka nylon 12 |
| ʻO ke ʻano cyclohexanone | Hoʻopili ʻia kekahi hapa o cyclohexanone, hydrogen peroxide a me ammonia e ka carboxylate a i ʻole ka paʻakai ammonium e loaʻa ai ka 1,1-peroxide dicyclohexylamine, i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i 1,1-cyanooundecanoic acid e ka hoʻomehana ʻana, a me nā huahana caprolactam a me cyclohexanone.Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka Caprolactam e hoʻomākaukau i ka nylon 6, ʻoiai hiki ke hana hou ʻia ka cyclohexanone.A laila, hoʻemi ʻia ka waikawa 1,1-cyanoundecanoic me ka hydrogen, a loaʻa ka W aminododecanoic acid, ka polymerizes e hoʻohua i ka nylon 12. |
Puna: Hoʻomohala a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka Long Carbon Chain Nylon 11, 12 a me 1212, Changjiang Securities Research Institute
Ma lalo o ka oligopoly, ʻoi loa ka kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻoihana nylon 12.I ka 70s o ke kenekulia 20, ua hana mua ʻia ka nylon 12 e Degussa o Kelemānia, ka mea mua o Evonik Industries (Evonik), a laila hoʻolaha ʻo Swiss EMS, French Arkema a me Iapana's Ube Industries (UBE) i ka nūhou o ka hana ʻoihana, a. ʻO nā mea hana nui ʻehā i hoʻopaʻa paʻa i ka ʻenehana hana o ka nylon 12 no ka hapalua haneli.I kēia manawa, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mana hana o ka nylon 12 ma mua o 100,000 tons / makahiki, kahi o Evonik i loaʻa i ka mana hana ma kahi o 40,000 tons / makahiki, ka mea mua.I ka makahiki 2014, ua waiho ʻo INVISTA i nā palapala patent no ka nylon 12 raw material, me ka manaʻo e komo i ka mākeke resin nylon 12, akā i kēia manawa ʻaʻohe nūhou o ka hana.
Ma muli o ka hoʻokūkū hoʻokūkū koʻikoʻi, ʻoi aku ka hopena o ka pilikia o ka ʻaoʻao hoʻolako i ka hoʻolako ʻana i ka mākeke holoʻokoʻa.No ka laʻana, ma Malaki 31, 2012, ʻo ka hale hana ʻo Evonik ma Marl, Kelemānia, ua hana i kahi pahū ma muli o ke ahi leakage, e hoʻopilikia ana i ka hana ʻana o nā mea kī kī CDT no nā mahina ʻoi aku ma mua o 8 mau mahina, e hopena ana i kahi hemahema nui o ka lako CDT, kahi i loko. ua alakaʻi ʻia i kahi lako honua paʻa o PA12, a ua hiki ʻole i kekahi mau mea hana kaʻa i lalo ke hoʻomaka maʻamau.ʻAʻole a hiki i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻia ʻana o ka mea kanu Evonik CDT i ka hana ma ka hopena o 2012 i hoʻomaka hou ʻia ka lako o ka nylon 12.
No ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka koi ikaika, hoʻolaha ka pilikua i nā hoʻolālā e hoʻonui i ka hana.I mea e hoʻokō ai i ka koi ikaika o lalo no nā mea PA12, i ka makahiki 2018, ua hoʻolaha ʻo Arkema e hoʻonui ʻo ia i kāna mana hana honua PA12 ma 25% ma kāna kahua kula ʻo Changshu ma Kina, a ua manaʻo ʻia e hoʻomaka i ka hana ma waena o 2020.Ua hoʻolaha pū ʻo Evonik o Kelemania i kahi hoʻopukapuka € 400 miliona e hoʻonui i kāna mana hana hana PA12 e 50 pakeneka ma ka Marl Industrial Park, i hoʻomaka ʻia e hoʻomaka i nā hana i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o 2021.
ʻO kekahi mau hale hana PA12 ma Marl
He kiʻekiʻe loa ka ʻoihana nylon 12
Source: Evonik pūnaewele, Changjiang Securities Research Institute
Puna: Changjiang Securities Research Institute
Me ke kōkua o nā kulekele a me nā kulekele, ke kū nei nā ʻoihana kūloko i nā pilikia
Ua hoʻokō nā ʻoihana kūloko i ka nylon kaulahao kalapona lōʻihi, a ua holomua kekahi mau ʻano.I nā 50s o ke kenekulia i hala, ua hoʻomaka ʻo Kina e hoʻāʻo e hoʻokaʻawale i ka hana ʻana o ka nylon kūikawā i hōʻike ʻia e ka nilon kaulahao lōʻihi, akā ma muli o nā ala kaʻina hana paʻakikī, nā kūlana hana paʻakikī, nā hana synthesis he nui, nā kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe a me nā kumu ʻē aʻe, a hiki i ka 90s. , Ua paʻa mau ka hana ʻoihana ʻenehana kalapona kalapona lōʻihi o Kina.I ka wā o ka "Nā Hoʻolālā ʻElima Makahiki", ua hui pū ka hui noiʻi nylon o Zhengzhou University a me ka Institute of Microbiology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences i ka papahana noiʻi ʻepekema a me ka ʻenehana, noiʻi a hoʻomohala i ka ʻenehana hana ʻenehana no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka PA1212 e. bio-fermentation o dodeca-carbodiacid, a hui pū me Shandong Zibo Guangtong Chemical Company e hoʻokō i ka hana ʻoihana, ʻo ia hoʻi, ua hana pū ʻo Shandong Guangyin New Materials Co., Ltd.
ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o PA12, a hiki ke manaʻo ʻia nā holomua me ke kōkua o nā kulekele.I ka makahiki 1977, ua hui pū ʻo Jiangsu Huaiyin Research Institute of Chemical Industry a me Shanghai Institute of Synthetic Materials e hoʻokō i ka synthesis o ka nylon 12 me ka butadiene ma ke ʻano he mea maka.Ma hope iho, ua hana ʻo Baling Petrochemical Co., Ltd. (ma mua ʻo Yueyang Petrochemical General Plant) i kahi noiʻi synthesis liʻiliʻi o ka nylon 12 me ka cyclohexanone ma ke ʻano he maka, akā ma muli o ke ala synthesis o PA12 a hiki i 7 mau ʻanuʻu a me nā pale kiʻekiʻe loa. ʻAʻole i hoʻokō nā ʻoihana kūloko i ka hana ʻenehana, a ke hilinaʻi mau nei ʻo PA12 i ka lawe ʻana mai.I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hoʻomau mau ʻo Kina i nā kulekele e paipai i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻoihana nylon kūikawā, e hoʻoikaika ikaika i ke kaʻina hana localization o nā mea nylon kūikawā, me ke kōkua o nā kulekele, e hoʻomau nā ʻoihana kūloko i nā pilikia, manaʻo ʻia e wāwahi i ke ʻano monopoly. o PA12.
Paipai ke kulekele i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻoihana nylon kūikawā e like me ka nylon kaulahao lōʻihi
| Paʻi ʻia ka manawa | ʻOihana hoʻolaha | inoa | maʻiʻo |
| 2016/10/14 | Keena o ka 'Oihana a me ka 'ike loea | Hoʻolālā Hoʻomohala ʻOihana Petrochemical a me Kimika (2016-2020) | E hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka nylon kaulahao kalapona lōʻihi a me ka nylon pale wela kiʻekiʻe |
| 2016/11/25 | Ke hui pū nei ʻo China International Engineering Consulting Co., Ltd. me 11 mau hui ʻoihana a me nā hui, e like me China Machinery Industry Federation, China Iron and Steel Industry Association, a me China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation. | Ke alakaʻi alakaʻi no ka hoʻololi ʻenehana a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā ʻoihana ʻoihana (2016 Edition) | ʻO ka manaʻo a me ke kuhikuhi ʻana o ka hoʻopukapuka ʻana i ka manawa "ʻumikumamākolu makahiki ʻelima" i manaʻo ʻia, e komo pū ana me ka nylon kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe, ke kaulahao kalapona lōʻihi, etc. |
| 2019/8/30 | Ke hui pū nei ʻo China International Engineering Consulting Co., Ltd. me 11 mau hui ʻoihana a me nā hui, e like me China Machinery Industry Federation, China Iron and Steel Industry Association, a me China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation. | ʻO ke alakaʻi alakaʻi kālā no ka hoʻololi ʻenehana a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā ʻoihana ʻoihana (2019 Edition) | ʻO ka hana koʻikoʻi o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻoihana ʻo Kina i nā makahiki he 10 e hiki mai ana, ʻo ia nā ʻoihana fiber hana kiʻekiʻe e like me ka nylon kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe a me ke kaulahao kalapona lōʻihi. |
Puna: Ke Kuhina ʻOihana a me ka ʻIke ʻIke, China International Engineering Consulting Co., Ltd., China Machinery Industry Federation, etc., Changjiang Securities Research Institute
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Nov-14-2022